Wart Removal & Cryotherapy Guide
Comprehensive guide on warts, HPV, and cryotherapy treatment by Dr. Caroline Minchio.
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Chapter 1: Wart Basics
1. What exactly is a wart?
It is a benign proliferation of skin cells (epithelial hyperplasia) caused by infection with the HPV virus. The virus causes the cells in the superficial layer to multiply much faster than normal.
2. Is a wart a type of cancer?
No. The overwhelming majority of common skin warts are highly benign and do not turn into skin cancer.
3. How do you catch the wart virus (HPV)?
Transmission occurs through direct contact with infected skin or contaminated surfaces, such as locker room floors, pools, and public showers.
4. Why do some people get many warts and others never do?
It depends on the immune system. Children, teenagers, and people with a weakened immune system due to stress or illness are more susceptible.
5. Are warts contagious?
Yes. You can transmit them to other people or from one part of your body to another (autoinoculation).
6. Are there different types of warts?
Yes: Common (hands), Plantar (soles of the feet), Flat (face/legs), Filiform (neck/eyelids), and Periungual (around the nails).
7. Is a genital wart the same thing?
No. They are caused by specific types of HPV transmitted sexually and require different medical follow-up.
8. Is it true that warts have a "root"?
Myth. They only grow in the superficial layer of the skin (epidermis) and do not have deep roots.
9. Why do warts have black dots?
They are thrombosed blood capillaries (small vessels that have clotted), a classic characteristic of warts.
10. Do warts disappear on their own?
Yes, in many cases the body eliminates the virus spontaneously, but it can take months or years. Meanwhile, they can grow and infect others.
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Chapter 2: Cryotherapy (Cold Treatment)
11. What is cryotherapy for warts?
It is the use of liquid nitrogen at -196°C to freeze and destroy the wart cells, causing a controlled burn.
12. How does the cold destroy the wart?
The ice bursts the membranes of the infected cells and interrupts the blood flow to the lesion, killing the virus due to lack of oxygen.
13. Does the procedure hurt?
The sensation is a sharp sting followed by brief burning (seconds). There may be throbbing pain for a few minutes afterward.
14. How long is the application?
Very fast. Each wart is frozen for only 5 to 30 seconds.
15. Is anesthesia necessary?
Usually not. In very sensitive cases or for children, we can use a topical anesthetic cream beforehand.
16. How does the skin look after cryotherapy?
It turns white and hard immediately. Later, a blister (clear or dark) or crust may form, which is normal.
17. How many sessions are required?
On average 1 to 4 sessions, with intervals of 3 to 4 weeks.
18. Can the wart return?
Yes, if the virus remains dormant in the surrounding skin. That is why medical follow-up is vital.
19. What are the advantages of cryotherapy?
It's a fast outpatient procedure, with no cuts, highly effective, and has a low risk of scarring.
20. Side effects?
Momentary pain, blisters, and a risk of temporary light spots (hypopigmentation) on darker skin.
Chapter 3: Step-by-Step Procedure
21. How should I prepare?
Just avoid using creams on the area on the day of the procedure. No special preparation is necessary.
22. What should I do after the application?
Do not pop the blister! It protects the skin underneath. Keep it clean and dry.
23. Can I get the area wet?
Yes, but wash it gently and pat dry without rubbing. Protect it if the blister breaks.
24. When can I return to my activities?
Immediately. There are no restrictions for work or study.
25. How long does it take for the wart to fall off?
It takes 1 to 3 weeks for the crust to dry up and fall off on its own.
Chapter 4: Other Treatments
26. Are there other options besides cryotherapy?
Keratolytic acids, curettage (scraping), electrocautery, CO2 laser, and immunotherapy.
27. When to use salicylic acid?
For small, superficial warts at home, but it is a much slower process (months).
28. Are plantar warts harder to treat?
Yes, because they grow inward due to pressure. We often combine cryotherapy with acids for better results.
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Chapter 5: Care and Prevention
29. Can I use home remedies?
No! Vinegar, garlic, or lemon can cause severe burns and scars without actually eliminating the virus.
30. How to prevent them in public places?
Wear flip-flops in pools, locker rooms, and showers. Keep your skin moisturized to prevent microscopic cracks.
31. How to prevent it from spreading?
Do not pick, scratch, or cut the wart. Wash your hands well when touching the lesion and do not share towels.
32. Is there a vaccine for common warts?
The HPV vaccine focuses on oncogenic and genital types; it does not prevent common warts on the hands and feet.
Chapter 6: Myths and Facts
33. Do toads cause warts?
Absolute myth. Toads do not transmit HPV nor do they cause warts.
34. Does applying duct tape work?
It is not recommended as a primary choice; professional medical treatment is much safer and more effective.
35. What to expect from the consultation?
An accurate diagnosis using dermoscopy and a treatment plan focused on your safety and quick recovery.
Do you want to remove your wart safely?
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